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Rorippa sarmentosa

(G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. (1938)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Brassicales Family: Brassicaceae Genus: Rorippa

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Low perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems prostrate to weakly erect. solid, 1–3(–6) dm long, 0.5–1.5 mm in diameter.

Roots: Stems rooting at the nodes and forming new rosettes.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Primarily in a basal rosette. Blades pinnately compound with 3–5(–7) leaflets, these broadly ovate to reniform, 0.7–3 cm long, 0.4–2.8 cm wide. Surfaces glabrous. Margins crenate, the terminal one usually much larger than lateral ones. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers usually bractless, few in long, loose racemes usually 10–30 cm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic or rarely slightly irregular. Calyx of 4 sepals, deciduous, ascending, the inner pair saccate at base,usually oblong, sometimes the inner 2 with gibbous bases that hold the nectar. Corolla of 4 petals; petals white or cream, usually tinged purplish, entire to emarginate, rarely lobed or fimbriate, usually with an elongate claw, 1–1.5 mm long. Stamens (2–4)6(–16), short, with a pair of reniform glands at base of filament, tetradynamous, the inner 4 usually in pairs, sometimes connate at base in pairs; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2(4?)-carpellate, usually 2-celled by means of a false, but usually complete septum, rarely 1-celled, sessile or rarely stipitate; ovules 1 to numerous, borne on parietal placentas on replum margin at periphery of ovary wall, campylotropous or occasionally anatropous; style 1 stout; stigma capitate, 2-lobed.

Fruit: Capsules divided into 2 cells by the usually thin and membranous septum; elongate (at least 3 times as long as wide) and referred to as a silique; linear; rounded in cross section; spreading; terete (cylindrical); with a weak median nerve; the valves extending to margins of silique; not elastic nor rolling up after dehiscence; midrib conspicuous; 1.5–3 cm long. Seeds in 1 row per cell; reddish brown; ca. 1 mm long; often becoming mucilaginous when wet; endosperm essentially absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: occurring in wet areas or sometimes disturbed sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Black dye from stem bark

  • The bark of the stem used to make a black dye (Krauss 1993:66).

  • Used in combination with other medicines for pa ‘ao‘ao and pa‘ao‘ao wiwi nonole illnesses (Chun 1998:46)

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 13(2): 966 (1938)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:411 (K, O, Mo, M, H [as Nasturtium sarmentosum]); Wagner & Herbst 1995:18 (NOM:Syn. N. sarmentosum = Rorippa sarmentosa); Wagner et al. 2005— (status change from pol? to ind)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hawaii National Park, Kealakomo opening of lava tube PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 375 Hawaii BISH 2/18/1943
2 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Nualolo Trail moist forest gulch, under dense ferns PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 24890 Kauai BISH 12/26/1952
3 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. olau flume PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 649.h Hawaii BISH 6/2/1915
4 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave. near Lanikaula St Growing beneath panax hedge alongside sidewalk in front of "Togawa Orchids." PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
5 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. wailuku, w maui forest reserve. gulch on e side of iao needle, between n fork kinihapai stream and ae stream, iao valley dry streambed at base of cliffs on upper slopes of W side of gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lammers, t.g. kepler, a.k.; ecton, m.c. collector number: 5576 Maui BISH 7/2/1984
6 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. ditch trail w of kokee stream partly in water PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. degener, i. collector number: 35832 Kauai BISH 11/19/1960
7 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. her garden, honolulu top of beach PRESERVED_SPECIMEN pukui, m.k. Oahu BISH 3/14/1931
8 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. naunapuluo, hanakapai, napali coast under guava tree PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. et al. collector number: 10868 Kauai BISH 12/30/1930
9 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. waianae mts., mokuleia forest reserve, pahole gulch, 1st eastern subgluch In moist crack in rocks, shaded, in mixed mesophytic forest with Pisonia, Hedyotis, Gouldia, Psychotria, Charpentiera, Morinda, and Hibiscus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. takeuchi, w.; obata, j. collector number: 5352 Oahu BISH 4/8/1984
10 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. hilo, kilauea ave. near kanikaulu st Growing beneaath panax hedge alongside sidewalk in front of "Togawa Orchids". PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
11 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Olau Flume PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 649.H Hawaii BISH 6/2/1915
12 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. waimea, na pali-kona forest reserve, mahanaloa valley moss covered rock face in dappled sun. With Schiedea membranacea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. lorence, d.; weller, s. collector number: 2084 Kauai BISH 2/10/1987
13 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. waihee, koolau mts, koolaupoko uncommon near stream in moist gully with Dicranopteris-Pipturus-Eugenia malaccensis PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 2485 Oahu BISH 6/27/1982
14 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Waihee, Koolau Mts, Koolaupoko uncommon near stream in moist gully with Dicranopteris-Pipturus-Eugenia malaccensis PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 2485 Oahu BISH 6/27/1982
15 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Kuanualoa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1758.M Maui BISH 12/5/1919
16 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. East Maui, Waianapanapa State Park in lawn in front of cabin 1 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1317 Maui BISH 5/26/1982
17 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. W branch, E Makaleha Stream, Mokuleia, Waianae Range mossy boulder, side of streambed. Banks of gulch, in shade of Aleurites moluccana trees PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hatheway, W.H. 396 Oahu BISH 9/30/1950
18 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. nualolo trail moist forest gulch, under dense ferns PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 24890 Kauai BISH 12/26/1952
19 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. E., Waikamoi weed along roadside near reservoirs in wet muddy soil PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2413 Maui BISH 7/1/1985
20 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Waimea, Na Pali-Kona Forest Reserve, Mahanaloa Valley moss covered rock face in dappled sun. With Schiedea membranacea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2084 Kauai BISH 2/10/1987
21 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Waianae Mts., Mokuleia Forest Reserve, Pahole Gulch, 1st eastern subgluch In moist crack in rocks, shaded, in mixed mesophytic forest with Pisonia, Hedyotis, Gouldia, Psychotria, Charpentiera, Morinda, and Hibiscus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5352 Oahu BISH 4/8/1984
22 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Honouliuli, below Pohakea Pass gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/15/1947
23 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. wailuku river wet Metrosideros rain forest in wet seep PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. et al. collector number: 4871 Hawaii BISH 7/27/1983
24 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. honouliuli, below pohakea pass gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. Oahu BISH 6/15/1947
25 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Ditch trail W of Kokee stream partly in water PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 35832 Kauai BISH 11/19/1960
26 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. mokuleia, slopes of kaala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1804.o Oahu BISH 5/1/1912
27 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Mokuleia, slopes of Kaala on water fall PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 1804.O Oahu BISH 5/1/1912
28 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. palama, open pastures PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wilder, g.p. collector number: 73 Oahu BISH 12/10/1923
29 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Pahole Gulch, Waialua, Waianae Mts., major gully in E section of gulch deep shade of Metrosideros, Schinus, Coprosma fauriei and Alyxia. Moist but well drained slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 1602 Oahu BISH 3/21/1978
30 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave. near Lanikaula St. Along sidewalk underneath panax hedge alongside sidewalk in front of "Togawa Orchids". PRESERVED_SPECIMEN J. Davis 576 Hawaii PTBG 7/31/1981
31 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Laie, specimens taken from a package mailed from there to US mainland; opened by Postal inspectors. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN George Staples 734 Oahu PTBG 4/30/1991
32 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave. near Kanikaulu St Growing beneaath panax hedge alongside sidewalk in front of "Togawa Orchids". PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
33 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. W. Maui, "iao valley, gulch behind the needle. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H70308 Maui PTBG 7/17/2003
34 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Waimea District. Na Pali-Kona Forest Reserve. Mahanaloa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Lorence, D. H.; Weller, S. G. 2084 Kauai US 2/10/1987
35 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. West Maui Forest Reserve. Gulch on east side of Iao Needle, between north fork Kinihapai Stream and Ae Stream, Iao Valley. Dry streambed at base of cliffs on upper slopes of west side of gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN T. G. Lammers 5576 Maui PTBG 7/2/1984
36 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave. near Lanikaulu St. Alongside sidewalk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 576 Hawaii US 7/31/1981
37 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Mokuleia, slopes of Kaala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C. N. 1804.O Oahu US 1912-00-00
38 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. waimea district. na pali-kona forest reserve. mahanaloa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn, d. h. lorence & s. g. weller 2084 Kauai US 2/10/1987
39 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. mokuleia, slopes of kaala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. n. forbes 1804.o Oahu US 4/26/1912
40 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. hilo, kilauea ave. near lanikaulu st. Alongside sidewalk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. davis 576 Hawaii US 7/31/1981
41 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. kuanualoa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 1758.m Maui BISH 12/5/1919
42 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Naunapuluo, Hanakapai, Napali Coast under guava tree PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 10868 Kauai BISH 12/30/1930
43 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. W, Iao, canyon E of Iao Needle PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 2053 Maui BISH 3/31/1984
44 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Wailuku, W Maui Forest Reserve. Gulch on E side of Iao Needle, between N fork Kinihapai Stream and Ae Stream, Iao Valley dry streambed at base of cliffs on upper slopes of W side of gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lammers, T.G. 5576 Maui BISH 7/2/1984
45 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Wailuku River wet Metrosideros rain forest in wet seep PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 4871 Hawaii BISH 7/27/1983
46 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
47 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. her garden, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Pukui, M.K. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/14/1931
48 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave, near Lanikaula St., in front of Togawa Orchids beneath panax hedge alongside side walk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
49 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. hilo, kilauea ave. near lanikaula st Growing beneath panax hedge alongside sidewalk in front of "Togawa Orchids." PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
50 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Palama, open pastures PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wilder, G.P. 73 Oahu BISH 12/10/1923
51 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. pahole gulch, waialua, waianae mts., major gully in e section of gulch deep shade of Metrosideros, Schinus, Coprosma fauriei and Alyxia. Moist but well drained slope PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. kimura, b. collector number: 1602 Oahu BISH 3/21/1978
52 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. hilo, kilauea ave, near lanikaula st., in front of togawa orchids beneath panax hedge alongside side walk PRESERVED_SPECIMEN davis, j. collector number: 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
53 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. KAUAI: Waimea District. Na Pali-Kona Forest Reserve. Mahanal oa Valley. Elev. 1800-2000 ft. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2084 Kauai PTBG 2/10/1987
54 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. puu kaua, waianae mts, s fork of ekahanui gulch, honouliuli thicket by trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 18686 Oahu BISH 2/27/1938
55 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. w, iao, canyon e of iao needle PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2053 Maui BISH 3/31/1984
56 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Puu Kaua, Waianae Mts, S fork of Ekahanui Gulch, Honouliuli thicket by trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 18686 Oahu BISH 2/27/1938
57 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. e., waikamoi weed along roadside near reservoirs in wet muddy soil PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 2413 Maui BISH 7/1/1985
58 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave. near Lanikaula St Growing beneath panax hedge alongside sidewalk in front of "Togawa Orchids." PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. Collector Number: 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
59 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. east maui, waianapanapa state park Only four plants found in this colony; PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1317 Oahu BISH 5/26/1982
60 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Seized at Honolulu International Airport. Cultivated? Or more likely weedy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hoe, W.J. s.n. Oahu BISH 11/8/1991
61 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. Hilo, Kilauea Ave. near Kanikaulu St Growing beneaath panax hedge alongside sidewalk in front of "Togawa Orchids". PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Davis, J. 576 Hawaii BISH 7/31/1981
62 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. w branch, e makaleha stream, mokuleia, waianae range mossy boulder, side of streambed. Banks of gulch, in shade of Aleurites moluccana trees PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hatheway, w.h. degener, o. collector number: 396 Oahu BISH 9/30/1950
63 Rorippa sarmentosa (G.Forst. ex DC.) J.F.Macbr. unknown PreservedSpecimen Collector Number: s.n. BISH Specimen
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